标题： 从电网到智能电网：拓扑结构方面 显示英文标题

标题： From the Grid to the Smart Grid, Topologically

摘要： 智能电网不仅仅是电力网络的数字化。从更具有远见的角度来看，它是一种能源管理模式，在这种模式下，用户不仅参与能源的生产，还参与能源的消费，同时信息系统完全意识到网络的需求响应以及动态变化的价格。那么，一个自然的问题是：为了让智能电网成为现实，配电网络是否需要更新？我们假设这个问题的答案是肯定的，并且认为中低压层受到的变化影响最大。在我们的先前工作中，我们分析了荷兰配电网络的样本，并在另一项先前的工作中考虑了这些网络可能的演变，使用了根据复杂系统研究构建的合成拓扑结构。在这篇论文中，我们通过定义一种方法，使任何现有的物理电力网络演变为良好的智能电网模型，从而迈出了重要的一步，为公用事业和政府组织提供了决策支持系统的理论基础。为此，我们考虑了几种可能的演变策略，并将其应用于荷兰配电网络。我们展示了更多的连接性如何有助于实现更高效和可靠的网络。我们的提案本质上是拓扑性的，并结合了电缆成本和电网演变带来的经济效益等方面的经济考量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Smart Grid is not just about the digitalization of the Power Grid. In its more visionary acceptation, it is a model of energy management in which the users are engaged in producing energy as well as consuming it, while having information systems fully aware of the energy demand-response of the network and of dynamically varying prices. A natural question is then: to make the Smart Grid a reality will the Distribution Grid have to be updated? We assume a positive answer to the question and we consider the lower layers of Medium and Low Voltage to be the most affected by the change. In our previous work, we have analyzed samples of the Dutch Distribution Grid in our previous work and we have considered possible evolutions of these using synthetic topologies modeled after studies of complex systems in other technological domains in another previous work. In this paper, we take an extra important further step by defining a methodology for evolving any existing physical Power Grid to a good Smart Grid model thus laying the foundations for a decision support system for utilities and governmental organizations. In doing so, we consider several possible evolution strategies and apply then to the Dutch Distribution Grid. We show how more connectivity is beneficial in realizing more efficient and reliable networks. Our proposal is topological in nature, and enhanced with economic considerations of the costs of such evolutions in terms of cabling expenses and economic benefits of evolving the Grid.