标题： 桑福德地下研究设施的地震地下阵列的维纳滤波 显示英文标题

标题： Wiener filtering with a seismic underground array at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

摘要： 在南达科他州前霍姆斯塔克矿的桑福德地下研究设施部署了一个地震阵列，用于研究地下地震环境。这包括探索在地下建造第三代引力波探测器的优势。对于这些探测器而言，主要的噪声源将是牛顿噪声，这种噪声是由局部引力场的波动引起的。希望低噪声地震环境和使用靠近探测器的地震仪进行相干噪声减除的组合能够将牛顿噪声抑制到未来引力波探测器的预期噪声基底以下。本文中，我们使用维纳滤波技术，在频率范围 0.05 至 1 赫兹内减除地震阵列中的相干噪声。这种方法在该频段的大部分范围内实现了超过一个数量级的噪声消除。我们展示了这种减除如何使提议的未来低频引力波探测器受益。分析了维纳滤波器系数在一天内的变化情况，包括局部活动对滤波器的影响。我们还研究了滤波器系数在一个月份内的变化，显示了滤波器随时间的稳定性。此外，还探讨了改变滤波器阶数对减除性能的影响。研究表明优化滤波器阶数可以显著改善地震噪声的减除，这为未来的引力波探测器解决牛顿噪声问题带来了希望。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A seismic array has been deployed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in the former Homestake mine, South Dakota, to study the underground seismic environment. This includes exploring the advantages of constructing a third-generation gravitational-wave detector underground. A major noise source for these detectors would be Newtonian noise, which is induced by fluctuations in the local gravitational field. The hope is that a combination of a low-noise seismic environment and coherent noise subtraction using seismometers in the vicinity of the detector could suppress the Newtonian noise to below the projected noise floor for future gravitational-wave detectors. In this paper, we use Wiener filtering techniques to subtract coherent noise in a seismic array in the frequency band 0.05 -- 1\,Hz. This achieves more than an order of magnitude noise cancellation over a majority of this band. We show how this subtraction would benefit proposed future low-frequency gravitational wave detectors. The variation in the Wiener filter coefficients over the course of the day, including how local activities impact the filter, is analyzed. We also study the variation in coefficients over the course of a month, showing the stability of the filter with time. How varying the filter order affects the subtraction performance is also explored. It is shown that optimizing filter order can significantly improve subtraction of seismic noise, which gives hope for future gravitational-wave detectors to address Newtonian noise.