标题： 实空间中对MnGe中短周期立方晶格的斯格明子的观察 显示英文标题

标题： Real-space observation of short-period cubic lattice of skyrmions in MnGe

摘要： 从实空间或动量空间中的拓扑电子自旋纹理中出现的新兴现象和功能，正在引起越来越多的关注，作为新物质状态的概念以及可能在自旋电子学中的应用。 一个这样的例子是磁性斯格明子，这是一种由拓扑指数表征的拓扑稳定的纳米尺度自旋涡旋结构。 实空间中斯格明子的规则阵列由多方向自旋螺旋的组合来描述。 二维斯格明子六方晶格的纳米尺度构型和特性已通过实空间观测得到广泛揭示。 其他三维形式的斯格明子晶格，如斯格明子的立方晶格，也被预期存在，但其直接观测仍然难以实现。 在此，我们报告了在MnGe中具有非常短周期（约3 nm）的斯格明子立方晶格的实空间自旋构型观测，因此具有最大的斯格明子数密度。 与{100}原子晶格平行的斯格明子晶格通过洛伦兹透射电子显微镜（洛伦兹TEM）直接观测到。 这使得首次同时观测磁性斯格明子和底层原子晶格条纹成为可能。 这些结果表明在MnGe中出现了斯格明子-反斯格明子晶格，这是新兴电磁响应的来源，并将通过原子晶格调制控制几纳米尺度的斯格明子晶格的可能性打开。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Emergent phenomena and functions arising from topological electron-spin textures in real space or momentum space are attracting growing interest for new concept of states of matter as well as for possible applications to spintronics. One such example is a magnetic skyrmion, a topologically stable nanoscale spin vortex structure characterized by a topological index. Real-space regular arrays of skyrmions are described by combination of multi-directional spin helixes. Nanoscale configurations and characteristics of the two-dimensional skyrmion hexagonal-lattice have been revealed extensively by real-space observations. Other three-dimensional forms of skyrmion lattices, such as a cubic-lattice of skyrmions, are also anticipated to exist, yet their direct observations remain elusive. Here we report real-space observations of spin configurations of the skyrmion cubic-lattice in MnGe with a very short period (~3 nm) and hence endowed with the largest skyrmion number density. The skyrmion lattices parallel to the {100} atomic lattices are directly observed using Lorentz transmission electron microscopes (Lorentz TEMs). It enables the first simultaneous observation of magnetic skyrmions and underlying atomic-lattice fringes. These results indicate the emergence of skyrmion-antiskyrmion lattice in MnGe, which is a source of emergent electromagnetic responses and will open a possibility of controlling few-nanometer scale skyrmion lattices through atomic lattice modulations.