标题： 等离子体层和电离层之间密度管道的实时成像 显示英文标题

标题： Real-time imaging of density ducts between the plasmasphere and ionosphere

摘要： 阳光电离地球大气层，在地球磁层内形成一个复杂、多层的等离子体环境，最内层是电离层和等离子层。 等离子层被认为包含沿着地球磁场排列的圆柱形密度结构（导管），但这些结构的直接证据仍然很少。 在这里，我们报告了首次使用一种新颖的地基成像技术，对连接上层电离层和内等离子层的广泛阵列场对齐导管进行直接的广角观测。 我们通过特征跟踪和视差分析确定了它们的高度和运动。 这些结构表现出惊人的组织性，看起来像是规则间隔的、交替的高密度和低密度管状结构，与地球磁场强烈对齐。 这些发现是此类结构存在的第一个直接视觉证据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Ionization of the Earth's atmosphere by sunlight forms a complex, multi-layered plasma environment within the Earth's magnetosphere, the innermost layers being the ionosphere and plasmasphere. The plasmasphere is believed to be embedded with cylindrical density structures (ducts) aligned along the Earth's magnetic field, but direct evidence for these remains scarce. Here we report the first direct wide-angle observation of an extensive array of field-aligned ducts bridging the upper ionosphere and inner plasmasphere, using a novel ground-based imaging technique. We establish their heights and motions by feature-tracking and parallax analysis. The structures are strikingly organized, appearing as regularly-spaced, alternating tubes of overdensities and underdensities strongly aligned with the Earth's magnetic field. These findings represent the first direct visual evidence for the existence of such structures.