标题： 噪声与无序：意见形成模型中的相变和普适性 显示英文标题

标题： Noise and disorder: phase transitions and universality in a model of opinion formation

摘要： 在本工作中，我们研究了一个三状态意见形成模型，考虑了两种不同的机制，即独立性和坚定性。 独立性作为噪声引入模型中，通过一个出现概率$q$。 另一方面，坚定性在系统中起到无序的作用，并通过两个离散的概率分布引入。 我们分析了这两种机制对模型相变的影响，并发现临界指数在有序-无序边界上是普遍的，表现出与平均场伊辛模型相同的普适类。 此外，对于其中一个概率分布，在参数的广泛范围内可能消除相变。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In this work we study a 3-state opinion formation model considering two distinct mechanisms, namely independence and conviction. Independence is introduced in the model as a noise, by means of a probability of occurrence $q$. On the other hand, conviction acts as a disorder in the system, and it is introduced by two discrete probability distributions. We analyze the effects of such two mechanisms on the phase transitions of the model, and we found that the critical exponents are universal over the order-disorder frontier, presenting the same universality class of the mean-field Ising model. In addition, for one of the probability distributions the transition may be eliminated for a wide range of the parameters.