标题： 通过三维集成光子电路观察量子算法的占优原理 显示英文标题

标题： Observation of Majorization Principle for quantum algorithms via 3-D integrated photonic circuits

摘要： 主要性原理是一项基本陈述，它支配着最优和高效的量子算法中信息处理的动力学。 尽管量子计算可以被建模为可逆的，但由于系统经历的幺正演化，这些量子算法被认为服从由主要性原理规定的量子时间箭头：与结果相关的概率分布逐步有序，直到完成计算任务。 在这里，我们报告了对两种量子算法的主要性原理效应的实验观察，即量子快速傅里叶变换和最近引入的用于验证真实多玻色子干涉的协议。 该演示通过使用通过飞秒激光直写技术制造的集成三维光子电路来实现，这使得能够明确地监测算法执行过程中主要性效应。 测量到的可观测量提供了有力的证据，表明主要性原理对于这一大类量子算法确实成立，从而为设计具有量子加速的新最优算法铺平了道路。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Majorization Principle is a fundamental statement governing the dynamics of information processing in optimal and efficient quantum algorithms. While quantum computation can be modeled to be reversible, due to the unitary evolution undergone by the system, these quantum algorithms are conjectured to obey a quantum arrow of time dictated by the Majorization Principle: the probability distribution associated to the outcomes gets ordered step-by-step until achieving the result of the computation. Here we report on the experimental observation of the effects of the Majorization Principle for two quantum algorithms, namely the quantum fast Fourier transform and a recently introduced validation protocol for the certification of genuine many-boson interference. The demonstration has been performed by employing integrated 3-D photonic circuits fabricated via femtosecond laser writing technique, which allows to monitor unambiguously the effects of majorization along the execution of the algorithms. The measured observables provide a strong indication that the Majorization Principle holds true for this wide class of quantum algorithms, thus paving the way for a general tool to design new optimal algorithms with a quantum speedup.