标题： 孤立星系中星团系统的演化：基于直接$N$-体模拟的第一批结果 显示英文标题

标题： Evolution of star cluster systems in isolated galaxies: first results from direct $N$-body simulations

摘要： 星团的演化很大程度上受到宿主星系产生的潮汐场的影响。 因此，在假设“普遍”的初始星团质量函数的前提下，原则上可以预期，星团系统演化的当前呈现的质量函数特性应该显示出与它们所处的星系环境特性的依赖关系。 为了探索这一预期，需要一个复杂的潮汐场模型，以便研究真实星系中的星团系统的演化。 沿着这个思路，在本工作中，我们首先描述了一种用于耦合星系和星团的$N$-体模拟的方法。 然后，我们沿哈勃序列生成一组星系模型，并将这些模型的演化方程校准到直接$N$-体星团模拟的结果上，以预测星团质量随星系环境的变化趋势。 最后，我们将我们的方法应用于研究演化后的“普遍”初始星团质量函数的特性以及它们与宿主星系形态和质量分布的依赖关系。 初步结果显示，初始幂律分布的“普遍”质量会演化为对数正态分布，其特性与宿主星系的恒星质量和恒星质量密度相关。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The evolution of star clusters is largely affected by the tidal field generated by the host galaxy. It is thus in principle expected that under the assumption of an "universal" initial cluster mass function the properties of the evolved present-day mass function of star cluster systems should show a dependency on the properties of the galactic environment in which they evolve. To explore this expectation a sophisticated model of the tidal field is required in order to study the evolution of star cluster systems in realistic galaxies. Along these lines, in the present work we first describe a method developed for coupling $N$-body simulations of galaxies and star clusters. We then generate a database of galaxy models along the Hubble sequence and calibrate evolutionary equations to the results of direct $N$-body simulations of star clusters in order to predict the clusters' mass evolution as function of the galactic environment. We finally apply our methods to explore the properties of evolved "universal" initial cluster mass functions and any dependence on the host galaxy morphology and mass distribution. The preliminary results show that an initial power-law distribution of the masses "universally" evolves into a log-normal distribution, with the properties correlated with the stellar mass and stellar mass density density of the host galaxy.