标题： 频率相关性的方法：研究总太阳辐射的变化性 显示英文标题

标题： Method of frequency dependent correlations: investigating the variability of total solar irradiance

摘要： 本文对基于不同代理数据的总太阳辐照度（TSI）建模和历史反演研究领域做出了贡献，这些代理数据的时间范围比卫星测量的TSI更早。 我们引入了一种简单的方法来分析时间序列之间的持续频率相关性（FDCs），并利用这些相关性来反演缺失的历史TSI值。 我们尝试通过使用优化过程计算模型的自由参数来避免任意选择这些参数。 该方法可以被视为一种通用工具，适用于数据集对，其中相关和反相关的成分可以在频域中分离为非重叠区域。 我们的方法基于带有高斯传递函数的低通和带通滤波，结合去趋势和包络曲线的计算。 我们发现历史代理数据与卫星测量目标之间存在重大争议：在目标的低频部分检测到较大的方差，而不同测量系列的低频代理行为则以高精度一致。 我们还表明，尽管旋转信号在目标和代理中并不明显，但它在FDC谱中却变得清晰可见。 将新方法应用于太阳数据，使我们能够深入了解不同的TSI建模过程及其基于直接观测时间间隔进行反演的能力。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper contributes to the field of modeling and hindcasting of the total solar irradiance (TSI) based on different proxy data that extend further back in time than the TSI that is measured from satellites. We introduce a simple method to analyze persistent frequency-dependent correlations (FDCs) between the time series and use these correlations to hindcast missing historical TSI values. We try to avoid arbitrary choices of the free parameters of the model by computing them using an optimization procedure. The method can be regarded as a general tool for pairs of data sets, where correlating and anticorrelating components can be separated into non-overlapping regions in frequency domain. Our method is based on low-pass and band-pass filtering with a Gaussian transfer function combined with de-trending and computation of envelope curves. We find a major controversy between the historical proxies and satellite-measured targets: a large variance is detected between the low-frequency parts of targets, while the low-frequency proxy behavior of different measurement series is consistent with high precision. We also show that even though the rotational signal is not strongly manifested in the targets and proxies, it becomes clearly visible in FDC spectrum. The application of the new method to solar data allows us to obtain important insights into the different TSI modeling procedures and their capabilities for hindcasting based on the directly observed time intervals.