标题： 英语单词流行度的中性进化和几个世纪的更替 显示英文标题

标题： Neutral evolution and turnover over centuries of English word popularity

摘要： 我们在这里将中性模型与英语词汇频率和词汇量在群体规模上的演变进行对比，这些数据来自三个世纪的英语书籍年度词汇频率记录。 针对这些数据，我们测试了两种中性模型的静态和动态预测，包括语料库大小与词汇大小之间的关系、频率分布以及这些频率分布内的更替。 尽管一种常用的中性模型无法同时复制所有这些涌现特性，但我们发现修改后的两阶段中性模型能够复制语料库数据的静态和动态特性。 这个两阶段模型旨在代表一个相对较小的英语书籍语料库（群体），类似于一个“正典”，由更广泛作者群体中指数增长的语料库进行采样。 更广泛地说，这种模式——一个较小的中性模型在一个更大的中性模型内部——可以更广泛地表示那些大众注意力集中在文化变体小部分的情况。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Here we test Neutral models against the evolution of English word frequency and vocabulary at the population scale, as recorded in annual word frequencies from three centuries of English language books. Against these data, we test both static and dynamic predictions of two neutral models, including the relation between corpus size and vocabulary size, frequency distributions, and turnover within those frequency distributions. Although a commonly used Neutral model fails to replicate all these emergent properties at once, we find that modified two-stage Neutral model does replicate the static and dynamic properties of the corpus data. This two-stage model is meant to represent a relatively small corpus (population) of English books, analogous to a `canon', sampled by an exponentially increasing corpus of books in the wider population of authors. More broadly, this mode -- a smaller neutral model within a larger neutral model -- could represent more broadly those situations where mass attention is focused on a small subset of the cultural variants.