标题： 贝塞尔光束再审视：一种生成光学涡旋的通用方案 显示英文标题

标题： Bessel beams revisited: a generalized scheme to derive optical vortices

摘要： 光学涡旋的电磁场通常通过洛伦兹或库仑规范基于矢量和标量势来推导。前一种方法通常用于推导具有拉盖尔-高斯径向分布的近轴解，而后一种方法用于推导具有贝塞尔径向分布的波动方程完整解。我们研究了在应用每种方法到贝塞尔和拉盖尔-高斯分布时的差异。我们表明由此得到的电磁场在电和磁贡献的相对强度上有所不同。在贝塞尔光束的情况下，从洛伦兹方法得出的新解恢复了之前工作未能解决的场对称性。我们的方法进一步推广，我们发现了一套超出洛伦兹和库仑规范类型的场。最后，我们描述了一个可能的实验来验证我们的发现。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The electromagnetic field of optical vortices is in most cases derived from vector and scalar potentials using either a procedure based on the Lorenz or the Coulomb gauge. The former procedure has been typically used to derive paraxial solutions with Laguerre-Gauss radial profiles, while the latter procedure has been used to derive full solutions of the wave equation with Bessel radial profiles. We investigate the differences in the derivation procedures applying each one to both Bessel and Laguerre-Gauss profiles. We show that the electromagnetic fields thus derived differ in the relative strength of electric and magnetic contributions. The new solution that arises from the Lorenz procedure in the case of Bessel beams restores a field symmetry that previous work failed to resolve. Our procedure is further generalized and we find a spectrum of fields beyond the Lorenz and Coulomb gauge types. Finally, we describe a possible experiment to test our findings.