标题： 重新审视广义相对论中不同旋转中子星的最大质量：具有现实状态方程的超大质量恒星 显示英文标题

标题： Revisiting the maximum mass of differentially rotating neutron stars in general relativity: Übermassive stars with realistic equations of state

摘要： 我们研究了具有现实核方程状态的广义相对论轴对称不同旋转中子星的解空间。 我们发现，早期工作对于多态方程状态识别的不同类型恒星，在现实方程状态下也会出现。 在我们处理的现实方程状态样本中扫描解空间时，我们发现每种类型的恒星所能支持的最大静止质量的下限。 我们经常发现可以支持超过静态恒星两倍质量的平衡构型。 我们将这些平衡称为“超大质量”，在我们的调查中，我们发现了可以支持高达2.5倍于相同方程状态的冷非旋转恒星所能支持的最大静止质量的超大质量恒星。 这比之前使用现实方程状态的研究结果高出近两倍，而那些研究并未发现超大质量中子星。 此外，我们发现相对于无自转的恒星对应物，中等刚性方程状态的最大静止质量增加更大。 这些结果可能对双中子星合并后形成的超大质量中子星的寿命以及引力波和电磁对应体有影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study the solution space of general relativistic, axisymmetric, equilibria of differentially rotating neutron stars with realistic, nuclear equations of state. We find that different types of stars, which were identified by earlier works for polytropic equations of state, arise for realistic equations of state, too. Scanning the solution space for the sample of realistic equations of state we treat, we find lower limits on the maximum rest masses supported by cold, differentially rotating stars for each type of stars. We often discover equilibrium configurations that can support more than 2 times the mass of a static star. We call these equilibria "\"ubermassive", and in our survey we find \"ubermassive stars that can support up to 2.5 times the maximum rest mass that can be supported by a cold, non-rotating star with the same equation of state. This is nearly two times larger than what previous studies employing realistic equations of state had found, and which did not uncover \"ubermassive neutron stars. Moreover, we find that the increase in the maximum rest mass with respect to the non-spinning stellar counterpart is larger for moderately stiff equations of state. These results may have implications for the lifetime and the gravitational wave and electromagnetic counterparts of hypermassive neutron stars formed following binary neutron star mergers.