标题： (系外)行星地形学 显示英文标题

标题： Topography of (exo)planets

摘要： 目前的技术无法绘制岩石系外行星的地形图，仅仅是因为这些天体太暗且距离太远，无法将其解析出来。 然而，由于光度测量技术和检测镜面反射的可能性，地形的间接效应应该很快就可以观测到。 此外，地形可能对类地系外行星的气候有重大影响，因为海洋和山脉会影响云层的分布\citep{Houze2012}。 另外，地形对于评估表面宜居性至关重要\citep{Dohm2015}。 我们在此提出了一种通用的统计理论，用于描述和生成逼真的岩石系外行星体的合成地形。 在太阳系中，我们研究了最著名的天体：地球、月球、火星和水星。 事实证明，尽管它们之间存在差异，但它们都可以通过多重分形统计来描述，尽管参数不同。 假设这种特性是普遍存在的，我们在此提出了一个模型来模拟二维球面随机场，以模仿恒星系统中的岩石行星体。 我们还建议应用此模型来估计海洋和大陆的统计数据，以帮助更好地评估遥远世界的宜居性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Current technology is not able to map the topography of rocky exoplanets, simply because the objects are too faint and far away to resolve them. Nevertheless, indirect effect of topography should be soon observable thanks to photometry techniques, and the possibility of detecting specular reflections. In addition, topography may have a strong effect on Earth-like exoplanet climates because oceans and mountains affect the distribution of clouds \citep{Houze2012}. Also topography is critical for evaluating surface habitability \citep{Dohm2015}. We propose here a general statistical theory to describe and generate realistic synthetic topographies of rocky exoplanetary bodies. In the solar system, we have examined the best-known bodies: the Earth, Moon, Mars and Mercury. It turns out that despite their differences, they all can be described by multifractral statistics, although with different parameters. Assuming that this property is universal, we propose here a model to simulate 2D spherical random field that mimics a rocky planetary body in a stellar system. We also propose to apply this model to estimate the statistics of oceans and continents to help to better assess the habitability of distant worlds.