标题： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的声波引力梯度测量术 显示英文标题

标题： Phononic gravity gradiometry with Bose-Einstein condensates

摘要： 使用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）的引力梯度测量技术已经达到了前所未有的精度。 该技术的基础是通过单原子波函数的干涉来测量微分力。 本文中，我们提出了一种梯度测量方案，其中采用声子——被捕获BEC中原子的集体振荡来替代传统方法。 我们表明，原则上，我们的方案可以实现对地球或小球形物体等质量低至毫克级的物体的重力梯度的高精度测量。 我们重力梯度测量方案的基本误差界限对应于在BEC长度尺度上每次实验实现的纳伽范围内微分力灵敏度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Gravity gradiometry with Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) has reached unprecedented precisions. The basis of this technique is the measurement of differential forces by interference of single-atom wave functions. In this article, we propose a gradiometry scheme where phonons, the collective oscillations of a trapped BEC's atoms are used instead. We show that our scheme could, in principle, enable high-precision measurements of gravity gradients of bodies such as the Earth or small spheres with masses down to the milligram scale. The fundamental error bound of our gravity gradiometry scheme corresponds to a differential force sensitivity in the nano-gal range per experimental realization on the length scale of the BEC.