标题： 蟹状星云和脉冲星的超流体核心有多重？为什么它们的突然跳跃事件会伴随有欠跃和过跃现象？ 显示英文标题

标题： How massive are the superfluid cores in the Crab and Vela pulsars and why their glitch-events are accompanied with under and overshootings?

摘要： 蟹状星云和船尾座脉冲星是研究得比较透彻的跳跃脉冲星，到目前为止获得的数据应该能够使我们测试它们内部结构模型的可靠性。最近有人提出，跳跃脉冲星存在于双度规时空中：它们不可压缩的超流体核心（SuSu-核心）存在于平直时空中，而周围的可压缩和耗散介质则被包含在施瓦茨希尔德时空中。在本文中，我们将这个模型应用于蟹状星云和船尾座脉冲星，并表明一个初始为$1.25\text{M}_{\odot}$的新生脉冲星和一个胚胎期的 SuSu-核心为$0.029\text{M}_{\odot}$可以在1000年后演化成一个\ARZL{Crab-like}\ARZR 脉冲星，并在10000年后演化成一个\ARZL{Vela-like}\ARZR 脉冲星，最终在大约10百万年后消失为一个不可见的暗能量物体。 据此，我们推断蟹状星云脉冲星和船帆座脉冲星应该分别具有$0.15\text{M}_{\odot}$和$0.55\text{M}_{\odot}$的 SuSu 核。 此外，观察到的伴随船帆座脉冲星的跳变事件的下冲和过冲现象，实际上是跳变脉冲星的一种常见现象，在双度规时空框架内可以很好地解释。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Crab and Vela are well-studied glitching pulsars and the data obtained sofar should enable us to test the reliability of models of their internal structures. Very recently it was proposed that glitching pulsars are embedded in bimetric spacetime: their incompressible superfluid cores (SuSu-cores) are embedded in flat spacetime, whereas the ambient compressible and dissipative media are enclosed in Schwarzschild spacetime. In this letter we apply this model to the Crab and Vela pulsars and show that a newly born pulsar initially of $1.25\text{M}_{\odot}$ and an embryonic SuSu-core of $0.029\text{M}_{\odot}$ could evolve into a \ARZL{Crab-like}\ARZR pulsar after 1000 years and into a \ARZL{Vela-like}\ARZR pulsar 10000 years later to finally fade away as an invisible dark energy object after roughly 10 Myr. Based thereon we infer that the Crab and the Vela pulsars should have SuSu-cores of $0.15\text{M}_{\odot}$ and $0.55\text{M}_{\odot}$, respectively. Futhermore, the under- and overshootings phenomena observed to accompany the glitch events of the Vela pulsar are rather a common phenomenon of glitching pulsars that can be well-explained within the framework of bimetric spacetime.