标题： 搜索银河系中心超大质量黑洞周围的精细结构变化 显示英文标题

标题： Search for a Variation of the Fine Structure around the Supermassive Black Hole in Our Galactic Center

摘要： 搜索自然常数在时空中的变化是寻找超越广义相对论和标准模型的新物理的一种有前景的方法，这受到统一理论以及暗物质和暗能量模型的启发。 我们提出了一种新方法，利用围绕银河系中心超大质量黑洞运行的S星团中晚期演化巨星的测量来搜索精细结构常数的变化。 对一颗恒星的不同吸收线（对精细结构常数有不同的敏感性）之间的差异进行测量，可以得出该恒星位置与地球之间精细结构常数变化的直接估计。 利用5颗恒星的光谱测量，我们得到了精细结构常数相对变化的限制，低于$10^{-5}$。 这是首次在黑洞周围和高引力势区域搜索自然常数的变化。 这一分析展示了如何通过监测银河系中心的恒星来探索基本物理的新途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Searching for space-time variations of the constants of Nature is a promising way to search for new physics beyond General Relativity and the standard model motivated by unification theories and models of dark matter and dark energy. We propose a new way to search for a variation of the fine-structure constant using measurements of late-type evolved giant stars from the S-star cluster orbiting the supermassive black hole in our Galactic Center. A measurement of the difference between distinct absorption lines (with different sensitivity to the fine structure constant) from a star leads to a direct estimate of a variation of the fine structure constant between the star's location and Earth. Using spectroscopic measurements of 5 stars, we obtain a constraint on the relative variation of the fine structure constant below $10^{-5}$. This is the first time a varying constant of Nature is searched for around a black hole and in a high gravitational potential. This analysis shows new ways the monitoring of stars in the Galactic Center can be used to probe fundamental physics.