标题： 关于黑子群及其内部部分的详细衰减情况 显示英文标题

标题： On the Decay of Sunspot Groups and Their Internal Parts in Detail

摘要： 太阳黑子群的衰减是一个相对未知的领域，因为大多数研究主要集中在太阳黑子或太阳黑子群的衰减上，但仅限于小样本。 作为\citet{2020ApJ...892..107M}最近工作的扩展，该工作基于一个大型验证样本，本研究不仅调查了太阳黑子群衰减的长期行为，还调查了其各部分的动力学。 本工作的目的是寻找衰减过程的依赖关系，以找到修改或促进衰减的物理条件。 研究基于 SoHO 德布勒森太阳黑子数据库 (SDD) 和格林尼治照相日面投影结果 (GPR) 以及德布勒森照相日面投影数据 (DPD) 的目录。 总共考虑了超过750个太阳黑子群。 已计算了群的总、本影和半影面积的衰减率，在 SDD 群的情况下，还计算了前导部分和后续部分的衰减率。 衰减率与最大面积呈线性关系，太阳黑子群和半影的衰减率在周期内为30-50 MSH/天，本影的衰减率为5-10 MSH/天。 在格涅维什科夫间隙期间，衰减率显著下降，并在上升/下降阶段表现出4+4个施瓦贝周期变化，但在北半球始终较高。 在活动范围向高纬度方向移动时，衰减率略有下降。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The decay of sunspot groups is a relatively unknown field since most studies have focused mainly on the decay of sunspots or sunspot groups, but only on small samples. As an extension of the recent work of \citet{2020ApJ...892..107M} which is based on a large verified sample, this study investigates not only the long-term behavior of the decay of sunspot groups but also the dynamics of their parts. The aim of the present work is to search for dependencies of the decay process in order to find physical conditions that modify or contribute to the decay. The investigations are based on the catalog of SoHO Debrecen Sunspot Database (SDD ) and the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) as well as the Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD). Altogether more than 750 sunspot groups were considered. The decay rates have been calculated for the total, umbral and penumbral area of the groups and in the case of the SDD's groups they have been calculated for both the leading and the following parts. The decay rates depend linearly on the maximum areas and ranged from 30-50 MSH/day for the sunspot groups and penumbrae and 5-10 MSH/day for the umbrae throughout the cycle. The decay rates fall significantly during the Gnevyshev gap and show 4+4 Schwabe cyclical variations in the ascending/descending phases, but it is always higher in the northern hemisphere. There is a slight decrease of the decay rates in the activity range toward higher latitudes.