标题： 系外行星透射光谱成像仪（ETSI） 显示英文标题

标题： The Exoplanet Transmission Spectroscopy Imager (ETSI)

摘要： 我们介绍了设计用于检测系外行星大气的新型仪器。 该仪器称为系外行星透射光谱成像仪（ETSI），它利用了一种称为共路多波段成像（CMI）的新技术。 ETSI使用棱镜和多波段滤光片，在系外行星凌星时从$430-975nm$（平均光谱分辨率约为$R = \lambda/\Delta\lambda = 23$）同时在两个探测器上成像15个光谱波段。 该仪器的原型实现了光子噪声限制的结果，这些结果低于大气幅度闪烁噪声限制。 ETSI可以在相对短的时间内在中等大小的望远镜上检测系外行星大气的存在及其组成。 我们展示了该仪器的光学设计。 此外，我们讨论了由ETSI仪器科学驱动的棱镜和多波段滤光片的设计权衡。 我们描述了即将进行的使用ETSI的调查，该调查将在两米望远镜上于$\sim2$年内测量数十个系外行星大气光谱。 最后，我们将讨论ETSI如何成为对所有凌星明亮恒星的气态巨行星进行后续研究的强大手段，包括大量最近被识别的TESS（NASA的凌日系外行星勘测卫星）系外行星。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present the design of a novel instrument tuned to detect transiting exoplanet atmospheres. The instrument, which we call the exoplanet transmission spectroscopy imager (ETSI), makes use of a new technique called common-path multi-band imaging (CMI). ETSI uses a prism and multi-band filter to simultaneously image 15 spectral bandpasses on two detectors from $430-975nm$ (with a average spectral resolution of $R = \lambda/\Delta\lambda = 23$) during exoplanet transits of a bright star. A prototype of the instrument achieved photon-noise limited results which were below the atmospheric amplitude scintillation noise limit. ETSI can detect the presence and composition of an exoplanet atmosphere in a relatively short time on a modest-size telescope. We show the optical design of the instrument. Further, we discuss design trades of the prism and multi-band filter which are driven by the science of the ETSI instrument. We describe the upcoming survey with ETSI that will measure dozens of exoplanet atmosphere spectra in $\sim2$ years on a two meter telescope. Finally, we will discuss how ETSI will be a powerful means for follow up on all gas giant exoplanets that transit bright stars, including a multitude of recently identified TESS (NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) exoplanets.