标题： 错位超对称和开放弦 显示英文标题

标题： Misaligned Supersymmetry and Open Strings

摘要： 非超对称弦理论的研究正在揭示弦理论景观中的一个重要方面，并可能最终解释为什么到目前为止，我们在宇宙中没有观察到超对称性。 我们回顾闭弦理论中不对齐的超对称性如何导致玻色子和费米子之间的抵消，即使在非超对称弦理论中也是如此。 然后我们通过研究在II型弦理论中将反-D$p$-膜放置在O$p$-平面上来证明开放弦中也发生了同样的抵消。 不对齐的超对称性在于玻色子和费米子在\emph{不同的}能量层次上的抵消，使得平均态数的增长率由因子$\mathrm{e}^{C_{\mathrm{eff}}\sqrt{n}}$主导，其中$C_{\mathrm{eff}}<C_{\mathrm{tot}}$，这里$C_{\mathrm{tot}}$是Hagedorn温度的倒数。 我们证明了之前提出的完全抵消，即我们证明了对于一大类模型，$C_{\mathrm{eff}}=0$成立。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The study of non-supersymmetric string theories is shedding light on an important corner of the string landscape and might ultimately explain why, so far, we did not observe supersymmetry in our universe. We review how misaligned supersymmetry in closed-string theories leads to a cancellation between bosons and fermions even in non-supersymmetric string theories. We then show that the same cancellation takes place for open strings by studying an anti-D$p$-brane placed on top of an O$p$-plane in type II string theory. Misaligned supersymmetry consists in cancellations between bosons and fermions at \emph{different} energy levels, in such a way that the averaged number of states grows at a rate dominated by a factor $\mathrm{e}^{C_{\mathrm{eff}}\sqrt{n}}$, with $C_{\mathrm{eff}}<C_{\mathrm{tot}}$, where $C_{\mathrm{tot}}$ is the inverse Hagedorn temperature. We prove the previously conjectured complete cancellation, i.e. we prove that $C_{\mathrm{eff}}=0$, for a vast class of models.