标题： 活性环境噪声的非马尔可夫性和非高斯性对发动机性能的影响 显示英文标题

标题： Effects of the non-Markovianity and non-Gaussianity of active environmental noises on engine performance

摘要： 一个活跃的环境是包含\emph{活动的}材料的储层，例如细菌和Janus粒子。 由于这些材料的自推进运动由化学能驱动，活跃的环境具有独特的非平衡环境噪声。 最近，研究从活跃环境中获取能量的发动机引起了极大的关注，因为理论和实验结果表明这些发动机优于传统发动机。 研究已经探索了对性能提升至关重要的活跃环境特征，例如活跃噪声的非高斯或非马尔可夫性质。 然而，这些特性尚未在一般情况下进行系统研究。 因此，我们系统地研究了活跃噪声的非高斯性和非马尔可夫性对发动机性能的影响。 我们表明，非高斯性对于由{任何线性力（包括谐波势）无论是否依赖时间}驱动的发动机性能无关紧要，而非马尔可夫性则相关。 然而，对于由一般非线性力驱动的系统，非高斯性和非马尔可夫性都会提高发动机性能。 此外，在制造循环发动机时应考虑活跃储层的记忆效应。 显示英文摘要

摘要： An active environment is a reservoir containing \emph{active} materials, such as bacteria and Janus particles. Given the self-propelled motion of these materials, powered by chemical energy, an active environment has unique, nonequilibrium environmental noise. Recently, studies on engines that harvest energy from active environments have attracted a great deal of attention because the theoretical and experimental findings indicate that these engines outperform conventional ones. Studies have explored the features of active environments essential for outperformance, such as the non-Gaussian or non-Markovian nature of the active noise. However, these features have not yet been systematically investigated in a general setting. Therefore, we systematically study the effects of the non-Gaussianity and non-Markovianity of active noise on engine performance. We show that non-Gaussianity is irrelevant to the performance of an engine driven by {any linear force (including a harmonic trap) regardless of time dependency}, whereas non-Markovianity is relevant. However, for a system driven by a general nonlinear force, both non-Gaussianity and non-Markovianity enhance engine performance. Also, the memory effect of an active reservoir should be considered when fabricating a cyclic engine.