标题： 引力波双星透镜的振幅调制 显示英文标题

标题： Amplitude modulation in binary gravitational lensing of gravitational waves

摘要： 我们研究了由双黑洞系统作为透镜的引力波（GWs）透镜效应的可探测性，使用的是时域数值模拟。 该系统的引力透镜势不再是静态的，而是随时间演化的。 当源发出的引力波穿过双透镜时，其振幅可以被调制，类似于无线电通信中的幅度调制（AM）现象。 我们发现，即使二元透镜本身的频率太低而无法被LISA探测带检测到，但由于幅度调制而在透镜化引力波频谱中产生的边带仍可能处于探测带的灵敏范围内。 此外，我们还计算了透镜化和未透镜化引力波之间的信噪比（SNR）相对差异（失配）。 我们发现，{\it 不匹配}可以高达9.18%。 由于失配不依赖于波形的幅度，因此二元透镜化和未透镜化波形之间的差异相当显著。 这为未来的LISA项目提供了识别透镜事件的一种可靠方法。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We investigate the detectability of gravitational waves (GWs) lensed by a system that consists of binary black holes as lenses using time-domain numerical simulations. The gravitational lensing potential of this system is no longer static but evolves with time. When GWs from the source pass through the binary lens, their amplitudes can be modulated, which is similar to the phenomenon of amplitude modulation (AM) in radio communication. We find that even the frequency of the binary lens itself is too low to be detected by the LISA detection band, the sidebands in the spectrum of the lensed GWs due to AM can still be within the sensitive range of the detection band. Moreover, we also calculate the relative differences of SNR (mismatch) between the lensed and unlensed GWs. We find that the {\it mismatch} can be as significant as 9.18%. Since mismatch does not depend on the amplitude of wavefrom, the differences between the binary lensed and unlensed waveforms are substantial. This provides a robust way to identify the lensing event for the LISA project in the future.