标题： 青年就业的技能和流动性障碍：卢旺达现金基准实验的中期证据 显示英文标题

标题： Skills and Liquidity Barriers to Youth Employment: Medium-term Evidence from a Cash Benchmarking Experiment in Rwanda

摘要： 我们展示了对卢旺达失业青年成人劳动力培训计划与现金转移的实验基准结果。治疗后3.5年，培训计划提高了生产性时间利用和资产投资，而现金转移促进了生产性资产、牲畜价值、储蓄和主观幸福感。两种干预措施都对创业产生了强大影响。但尽管劳动力、销售和利润都增加，这些企业中的隐含工资率却较低。我们的结果表明，信贷是自雇的主要障碍，但可能需要更深层次的改革，以使创业成为摆脱贫困的变革性途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present results of an experiment benchmarking a workforce training program against cash transfers for underemployed young adults in Rwanda. 3.5 years after treatment, the training program enhances productive time use and asset investment, while the cash transfers drive productive assets, livestock values, savings, and subjective well-being. Both interventions have powerful effects on entrepreneurship. But while labor, sales, and profits all go up, the implied wage rate in these businesses is low. Our results suggest that credit is a major barrier to self-employment, but deeper reforms may be required to enable entrepreneurship to provide a transformative pathway out of poverty.