标题： 量子宇宙学的无物 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum Cosmology of the Nothing

摘要： 量子宇宙学使用波函数来模拟宇宙，但寻找这种波函数的解存在困难，因为难以定义边界条件或确定路径积分的正确路径。 我们首先回顾各种提议，并探讨如何将气泡宇宙核形成作为隧穿波函数的类比。 我们回顾了哈特尔-霍金波函数和隧穿波函数是如何等价的。 这引出了减速膨胀和加速膨胀之间的转变如何在连接空间中表述为一次反弹。 这是在一个仅包含辐射和宇宙常数 $\Lambda$的玩具宇宙模型中完成的。 波函数是入射波、反射波和倏逝波的叠加；当它由波包构成时。 利用这个玩具模型，我们引入了一个新概念，即宇宙在连接空间中的这次反弹过程中隧穿到不同的经典区域。 通过推导倏逝波 $\psi_{ev}$的波函数，来计算 $|\psi|^2$，以表明宇宙隧穿到另一个经典区域的概率。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Quantum cosmology uses a wave function to model the universe, but finding solutions for this poses a problem as it is difficult to define the boundary conditions or identify the correct path for a path integral. We begin the discussion by going over various proposals and look at how bubble universe nucleation can be used as an analogy for the tunneling wave function. We review how the Hartle-Hawking wave function and tunneling wave functions are equivalent. This leads into how the transition between the decelerated and accelerated expansion is formulated as a bounce in connection space. This is done in a toy model Universe that contains only radiation and a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The wave function is a superposition on an incident wave, a reflected wave, and an evanescent wave; when it is constructed from wave packets. Using the toy model, we introduce the new concept of the universe tunneling to a different classical region during this bounce in connection space. This concept is explored by deriving the wave function of the evanescent wave $\psi_{ev}$ in order to calculate $|\psi|^2$ to give an indication of the probability of the universe tunneling to another classical region.