标题： 建构公理学在时空物理中的应用 第二部分：在背景中的建构公理学 显示英文标题

标题： Constructive Axiomatics in Spacetime Physics Part II: Constructive Axiomatics in Context

摘要： 埃勒斯-皮拉尼-希德（EPS）对广义相对论的构造公理化，发表于1972年，旨在仅从具有无可置疑经验内容的公理出发，构建该理论的动力学结构。因此，它在时空理论的认识论和形而上学方面都具有深远的意义。在本文中，我们通过以下方面将EPS方法置于其适当的语境中：（a）讨论EPS出现前关于时空理论构造方法的历史；（b）回应针对EPS提出的一些主要问题；（c）考虑EPS与“时程”方法相比如何赋予广义相对论的度规场操作意义；（d）一般性地区分不同类型的构造方法，并将EPS纳入这一分类；（e）讨论建构主义如何影响物理学基础中的若干其他问题；（f）评估建构主义作为局部基础主义项目的优点。有两篇配套论文，其中我们提供了EPS公理化的教学性讲解（第一部分），并讨论/发展了带有量子力学输入的EPS版本（第三部分）。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Ehlers-Pirani-Schild (EPS) constructive axiomatisation of general relativity, published in 1972, purports to build up the kinematical structure of that theory from only axioms which have indubitable empirical content. It is, therefore, of profound significance both to the epistemology and to the metaphysics of spacetime theories. In this article, we set the EPS approach in its proper context, by (a) discussing the history of constructive approaches to spacetime theories in the lead-up to EPS; (b) addressing some of the major concerns raised against EPS; (c) considering how EPS compares with 'chronometric' approaches to affording the metric field of general relativity its operational significance; (d) distinguishing quite generally between different kinds of constructive approach, and fitting EPS into this classification; (e) discussing how constructivism bears on a number of other issues in the foundations of physics; and (f) assessing the merits of constructivism qua local foundationalist project. There are two companion papers, in which we provide a pedagogical walkthrough to the EPS axiomatisation (Part I), and discuss/develop versions of EPS with quantum mechanical inputs (Part III).