标题： 用于安全地质碳封存的POMDP模型 显示英文标题

标题： A POMDP Model for Safe Geological Carbon Sequestration

摘要： 地质碳捕集与封存（CCS），其中CO$_2$被存储在地下构造中，是一种减少全球排放有前途且可扩展的方法。 然而，如果操作不当，可能会导致地震和CO$_2$回流到地表，危害人类和环境。 这些风险由于储层结构的大量不确定性而加剧。 出于这些原因，我们建议将CCS操作建模为部分可观测马尔可夫决策过程（POMDP），并使用自动化规划算法来指导决策。 为此，我们开发了一个基于二维溢出点分析的简化CCS操作模型，该模型保留了现实世界问题的许多挑战和安全考虑因素。 我们展示了现成的POMDP求解器在安全CCS规划方面优于专家基线。 这个POMDP模型可以作为测试平台，推动CCS操作新决策算法的发展。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Geological carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), where CO$_2$ is stored in subsurface formations, is a promising and scalable approach for reducing global emissions. However, if done incorrectly, it may lead to earthquakes and leakage of CO$_2$ back to the surface, harming both humans and the environment. These risks are exacerbated by the large amount of uncertainty in the structure of the storage formation. For these reasons, we propose that CCS operations be modeled as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) and decisions be informed using automated planning algorithms. To this end, we develop a simplified model of CCS operations based on a 2D spillpoint analysis that retains many of the challenges and safety considerations of the real-world problem. We show how off-the-shelf POMDP solvers outperform expert baselines for safe CCS planning. This POMDP model can be used as a test bed to drive the development of novel decision-making algorithms for CCS operations.