标题： 新的检测系统用于关键恒星 (n,$γ$) 测量中的灵敏度提升 显示英文标题

标题： New detection systems for an enhanced sensitivity in key stellar (n,$γ$) measurements

摘要： 中子捕获截面测量在研究天体物理现象中是基础性的，例如在红巨星和大质量恒星中运行的慢中子捕获（s-）过程的核合成。 然而，通过飞行时间（TOF）技术对关键的$s$-过程核进行中子捕获测量通常具有挑战性。 困难来自于可用的质量（$\sim$毫克）有限，以及在不稳定的$s$-过程分支点的情况下，样品相关的背景较高。 作用为$s$-过程瓶颈的中子魔数核的测量受到低（n,$\gamma$）截面和主导的中子散射背景的影响。 克服这些实验挑战需要结合高瞬时通量设施，如 n\_TOF-EAR2，与检测灵敏度增强和高计数率能力的探测系统。 本贡献回顾了在 n\_TOF 的（n,$\gamma$）测量检测系统中的一些最新探测器发展，例如 i-TED，这是一种利用康普顿成像技术以减少主导的中子散射背景的创新探测系统，以及 s-TED，一种高度分段的总能量探测器，旨在用于高通量设施。 讨论将通过关键$s$过程分支点反应$^{79}$Se(n,$\gamma$) 的首次测量结果来说明。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Neutron capture cross-section measurements are fundamental in the study of astrophysical phenomena, such as the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis operating in red-giant and massive stars. However, neutron capture measurements via the time-of-flight (TOF) technique on key $s$-process nuclei are often challenging. Difficulties arise from the limited mass ($\sim$mg) available and the high sample-related background in the case of the unstable $s$-process branching points. Measurements on neutron magic nuclei, that act as $s$-process bottlenecks, are affected by low (n,$\gamma$) cross sections and a dominant neutron scattering background. Overcoming these experimental challenges requires the combination of facilities with high instantaneous flux, such as n\_TOF-EAR2, with detection systems with an enhanced detection sensitivity and high counting rate capabilities. This contribution reviews some of the latest detector developments in detection systems for (n,$\gamma$) measurements at n\_TOF, such as i-TED, an innovative detection system which exploits the Compton imaging technique to reduce the dominant neutron scattering background and s-TED, a highly segmented total energy detector intended for high flux facilities. The discussion will be illustrated with results of the first measurement of key the $s$-process branching-point reaction $^{79}$Se(n,$\gamma$).