标题： 基于公共交通系统的最后一公里配送分解方法 显示英文标题

标题： A Decomposition Approach to Last Mile Delivery Using Public Transportation Systems

摘要： 本研究探讨了利用公共交通系统进行货运配送的潜力，我们旨在利用公交车、有轨电车、地铁和火车等公共交通工具的空闲容量，特别是在非高峰时段，将包裹运送到城市内部，而不是使用专门的配送车辆。 本研究对关于可持续最后一公里配送创新策略的文献做出了贡献{对日益增长的}。 我们研究了一个操作层面的问题，称为公共交通上的三级配送问题，其中包裹首先由配送卡车从集散和分发中心（CDC）运输到附近的公共交通车站。 然后，公共交通工具将它们运送到城市区域。 最后一段配送使用绿色车辆或环保系统将包裹送达各自的客户。 我们提出了混合整数线性规划公式来研究从CDC到客户的包裹运输，使用分解方法来求解，并提供数值实验以展示该系统的效率和效果。 我们的结果表明，该系统有望大幅减少专用配送车辆的行程长度，从而减少现有最后一公里配送系统的负面社会和环境影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This study explores the potential of using public transportation systems for freight delivery, where we intend to utilize the spare capacities of public vehicles like buses, trams, metros, and trains, particularly during off-peak hours, to transport packages within the city instead of using dedicated delivery vehicles. The study contributes {to the growing} literature on innovative strategies for performing sustainable last mile deliveries. We study an operational level problem called the Three-Tier Delivery Problem on Public Transportation, where packages are first transported from the Consolidation and Distribution Center (CDC) to nearby public vehicle stations by delivery trucks. From there, public vehicles transport them into the city area. The last leg of the delivery is performed to deliver the packages to their respective customers using green vehicles or eco-friendly systems. We propose mixed-integer linear programming formulations to study the transport of packages from the CDC to the customers, use decomposition approaches to solve them, and provide numerical experiments to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the system. Our results show that this system has the potential to drastically reduce the length of trips performed by dedicated delivery vehicles, thereby reducing the negative social and environmental impacts of existing last mile delivery systems.