标题： 宇宙中超大质量原初黑洞：纳米赫兹引力波和高红移JWST星系 显示英文标题

标题： Supermassive primordial black holes in multiverse: for nano-Hertz gravitational wave and high-redshift JWST galaxies

摘要： 最近，关于超大质量黑洞的观测线索正在积累，这引发了人们的思考：原初黑洞（PBHs）是否可以是超大质量的，特别是质量为$M\gtrsim 10^{9}M_\odot$的情况？ 在暴胀期间形成的具有内部膨胀婴儿宇宙的超临界气泡，可以在我们可观测的宇宙中发展成PBH。 在这里，我们发现当暴胀场缓慢经过相邻真空时，超临界气泡的形成率不可避免地会达到峰值，因此多重宇宙PBH的质量分布以及峰值质量可以达到$M\gtrsim 10^{11}M_\odot$。 因此，我们的机制自然地提供了一种超大质量黑洞的原初起源。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recently, observational hints for supermassive black holes have been accumulating, which has inspired ones to wonder: Can primordial black holes (PBHs) be supermassive, in particular with the mass $M\gtrsim 10^{9}M_\odot$? A supercritical bubble (with an inflating baby universe inside it) that nucleated during inflation can develop into a PBH in our observable Universe. Here, we find that when the inflaton slowly passes by a neighboring vacuum, the nucleating rate of supercritical bubbles would inevitably attain a peak, so the mass distribution of multiverse PBHs, and the mass of peak can be up to $M\gtrsim 10^{11}M_\odot$. Thus our mechanism naturally provides a primordial origin of supermassive BHs.