标题： 最优队列设计 显示英文标题

标题： Optimal Queue Design

摘要： 我们研究通过队列系统对稀缺资源进行配给的最佳方法。 设计者控制代理进入队列和退出队列，他们的服务优先级——或队列规则——以及他们对队列优先级的信息，同时激励他们加入队列，并在设计者建议时，重要的是要留在队列中。 在一种温和的条件下，最优机制会促使代理进入至一定队列长度，并且从不将任何代理从队列中移除；根据先到先得（FCFS）规则为其服务；并且在整个过程中，除了他们收到的建议外，不提供任何其他信息。 在丰富的领域中，FCFS也是最优性的必要条件。 我们发现队列规则在调节代理信念和动态激励方面的一个新作用，并揭示了FCFS在此方面的此前未被认识到的优点。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study the optimal method for rationing scarce resources through a queue system. The designer controls agents' entry into a queue and their exit, their service priority -- or queueing discipline -- as well as their information about queue priorities, while providing them with the incentive to join the queue and, importantly, to stay in the queue, when recommended by the designer. Under a mild condition, the optimal mechanism induces agents to enter up to a certain queue length and never removes any agents from the queue; serves them according to a first-come-first-served (FCFS) rule; and provides them with no information throughout the process beyond the recommendations they receive. FCFS is also necessary for optimality in a rich domain. We identify a novel role for queueing disciplines in regulating agents' beliefs and their dynamic incentives and uncover a hitherto unrecognized virtue of FCFS in this regard.