标题： NGC 1566中ULX的全面X射线和多波段研究 显示英文标题

标题： Comprehensive X-ray and Multiwavelength Study of ULXs in NGC 1566

摘要： 本文利用存档的 *Chandra*、*Swift/XRT*、詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）和哈勃太空望远镜（HST）观测数据，对NGC 1566中的超亮X射线源（ULXs）进行了全面的X射线和多波段研究。主要结果如下：首先，在硬比图中观察到了典型的银河系高能质量X射线双星中从硬态到软态的谱态转变现象，这一现象发生在ULX-3上。其次，识别出一个新的暂现ULX候选体（ULX-4），其峰值亮度达到10E40 erg/s。第三，通过精确的天球测量计算，搜索了ULXs的光学和近红外（NIR）对应体。对于ULX-1和ULX-2，发现观测到的近红外发射可能是由X射线破坏的双星盘/尘埃引起的证据。第四，光学观测表明ULX-3的可能供体星是一颗B型超巨星。在ULX-4的情况下，由于许多源位于天球测量误差半径内，其多波段性质尚不清楚。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper presents a comprehensive X-ray and multi-wavelength study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in NGC 1566 using archival Chandra, Swift/XRT, James Webb Space Telescope, JWST, and Hubble Space Telescope, HST observations. The main results are, first, from the hardness ratio diagram, where spectral state transitions from hard to soft as seen in typical Galactic high mass X-ray binaries for ULX-3 was observed. Second, a new transient ULX candidate (ULX-4) was identified, reaching a peak luminosity of 10E40 erg/s. Third, the optical and NIR (near-infrared) counterparts of the ULXs were searched from the precise astrometric calculations. For ULX-1 and ULX-2, evidence was found that the observed NIR emission is due to the circumbinary disk/dust disrupted by X-rays. Fourth, the optical observations suggest that the possible donor star of ULX-3 is a B-type supergiant. In the case of ULX-4, the multi-wavelength properties are not clear since many sources are detected within the astrometric error radius.