标题： 运动学各向异性与脉冲星测时阵列 显示英文标题

标题： Kinematic anisotropies and pulsar timing arrays

摘要： 由我们相对于源静止参考系的相对运动引起的多普勒各向异性，是宇宙起源的随机引力波背景的一个必然属性。 如果未来脉冲星测时阵列测量能够探测到它们，将提供关于引力波源物理的重要信息，而这些信息从背景各向同性部分的测量中很难甚至无法提取。 我们解析地确定了脉冲星对运动各向异性的响应函数，包括可能由于宇称破坏效应、谱的各向同性部分在频率依赖性上的特征以及额外标量和矢量极化存在所引起的影响。 首次，我们展示了对不同效应的敏感性如何关键地取决于脉冲星相对于参考系之间相对运动的配置。 相应地，我们提出了检测策略的例子，每种策略都旨在利用未来运动各向异性测量来表征宇宙引力波背景的独特特性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Doppler anisotropies, induced by our relative motion with respect to the source rest frame, are a guaranteed property of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds of cosmological origin. If detected by future pulsar timing array measurements, they will provide interesting information on the physics sourcing gravitational waves, which is hard or even impossible to extract from measurements of the isotropic part of the background only. We analytically determine the pulsar response function to kinematic anisotropies, including possible effects due to parity violation, to features in the frequency dependence of the isotropic part of the spectrum, as well as to the presence of extra scalar and vector polarizations. For the first time, we show how the sensitivity to different effects crucially depends on the pulsar configuration with respect to the relative motion among frames. Correspondingly, we propose examples of strategies of detection, each aimed at exploiting future measurements of kinematic anisotropies for characterizing distinct features of the cosmological gravitational wave background.