标题： 黑洞多重视界的有效温度 显示英文标题

标题： Hawking temperature of black holes with multiple horizons

摘要： 在单视界时空中有几种已建立的方法可用于计算热力学。 然而，当处理具有多个视界的时空时，理解热力学变得尤为重要。 多个视界引发了关于此类时空是否存在全局温度的问题。 最近的研究强调了所有视界贡献在确定霍金温度中的重要作用。 我们在此探讨四维旋转带电黑洞和旋转BTZ黑洞的霍金温度。 我们还发现，这些黑洞的每个视界都会对霍金温度做出贡献。 四维旋转带电黑洞的有效霍金温度仅取决于其质量。 这个温度与施瓦茨希尔德黑洞的霍金温度相同。 相比之下，旋转BTZ黑洞的有效霍金温度取决于黑洞的质量和角动量。 显示英文摘要

摘要： There are several well-established methods for computing thermodynamics in single-horizon spacetimes. However, understanding thermodynamics becomes particularly important when dealing with spacetimes with multiple horizons. Multiple horizons raise questions about the existence of a global temperature for such spacetimes. Recent studies highlight the significant role played by the contribution of all the horizons in determining Hawking temperature. Here we explore the Hawking temperature of a rotating and charged black hole in four spacetime dimensions and a rotating BTZ black hole. We also find that each horizon of those black holes contributes to the Hawking temperature. The effective Hawking temperature for a four-dimensional rotating and charged black hole depends only on its mass. This temperature is the same as the Hawking temperature of a Schwarzschild black hole. In contrast, the effective Hawking temperature depends on the black hole mass and angular momentum for a rotating BTZ hole.