标题： 一个精确的、坐标无关的经典防火墙变换 显示英文标题

标题： An Exact, Coordinate Independent Classical Firewall Transformation

摘要： 针对黑洞信息悖论的一个解决方案最近由't Hooft以他的火墙变换形式提出。 尽管这一方案开始获得一些有限的认可，但其物理基础仍然有些模糊。 在这里，我们通过使用Arnowitt、Deser和Misner（ADM）发展出的正则形式，开发了一个面向量子化的经典哈密顿量类比。 我们使用了一个在施瓦茨希尔德黑洞背景下的两个零性球壳模型，在我们的ADM形式中，我们能够描述整个系统的动力学，特别是在碰撞点，并重现了相关的Dray-'t Hooft-Redmount公式。 最后，我们能够找到't Hooft火墙变换的经典类比。 与't Hooft的火墙变换和之前的经典类比不同，我们得到的经典火墙变换不受近似限制，并保持了ADM形式的坐标独立性。 我们将该理论的量子化留作未来的工作。 显示英文摘要

摘要： A proposal for resolving the black hole information paradox was recently put forward by 't Hooft in the form of his firewall transformation. Although this proposal has begun to gain some limited traction, its physical foundation is still somewhat obscure. Here we develop a classical Hamiltonian analog, which is oriented towards quantization, by using the canonical formalism developed by Arnowitt, Deser, and Misner (ADM). We use a model of two null, spherical shells in a Schwarzschild black hole background, and within our ADM formalism we are able to characterize the dynamics of the entire system, especially at the point of collision, and we reproduce the related Dray-'t Hooft-Redmount formula. Finally, we are able to find a classical analog for 't Hooft's firewall transformation. Unlike 't Hooft's firewall transformation and previous classical analogs, the classical firewall transformation we obtain is free from approximation and maintains the coordinate independence of the ADM formalism. We leave to future work the quantization of the theory.