标题： 电解质在变截面纳米孔中的电中性破坏 显示英文标题

标题： Electroneutrality breakdown for electrolytes embedded in varying-section nanopores

摘要： 我们确定了嵌入在变截面通道中的$z-z$电解质的局部电荷动力学。 通过利用通道轴向和横向方向之间的长度尺度分离展开，我们推导出了介电和导电壁在$2D$（平面几何）以及$3D$（圆柱几何）中的局部过量电荷的闭合公式。 我们的结果表明，即使在平衡状态下，当通道的截面对于介电和导电壁以及$2D$和$3D$通道不均匀时，局部电荷的电中性会被破坏。 有趣的是，在我们的展开范围内，流体中的局部过量电荷可以与壁上的净电荷相比较。 我们对这种局部电中性破坏的出现进行了批判性讨论，特别是针对它对示踪离子所经历的有效自由能剖面产生的修正。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We determine the local charge dynamics of a $z-z$ electrolyte embedded in a varying-section channel. By means of an expansion based on the length scale separation between the axial and transverse direction of the channel, we derive closed formulas for the local excess charge for both, dielectric and conducting walls, in $2D$ (planar geometry) as well as in $3D$ (cylindrical geometry). Our results show that, even at equilibrium, the local charge electroneutrality is broken whenever the section of the channel is not homogeneous for both dielectric and conducting walls as well as for $2D$ and $3D$ channels. Interestingly, even within our expansion, the local excess charge in the fluid can be comparable to the net charge on the walls. We critically discuss the onset of such local electroneutrality breakdown in particular with respect to the correction that it induces on the effective free energy profile experienced by tracer ions.