标题： 一个精确求解的相对论量子奥托引擎 显示英文标题

标题： An exactly solvable relativistic quantum Otto engine

摘要： 我们重新审视精确可解的Unruh-DeWitt探测器模型的数学，与质量为零的标量场在瞬时相互作用下，构建一个相对论量子奥托热机。 通过推导热力学循环闭合的条件，我们研究了当工作介质以恒定的相对论速度穿过热浴时，运动对可以从机器中提取的工作量的影响。 虽然在热浴中存在速度相关的退化效应，但我们证明在冷浴的情况下，有时存在真正的增强效应。 对于与探测器的逆频率同阶的耦合以及两个瞬时相互作用之间的时间分离的特定值——为了能够冷却探测器所必需的——速度与提取的工作量之间存在非单调依赖关系，这提出了利用相对论效应来增强桌面实验中的热力学过程的有趣可能性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We revisit the mathematics of exactly solvable Unruh-DeWitt detector models, interacting with massless scalar fields under instantaneous interactions, to construct a relativistic quantum Otto heat engine. By deriving the conditions under which the thermodynamic cycle is closed we study the effects of motion on the amount of work that can be extracted from the machine when the working medium is moving at a constant relativistic velocity through the heat baths. While there is a degrading effect with respect to speed in the hot bath, we demonstrate that in the case of the cold bath, genuine enhancing effects are sometimes present. For couplings the same order as the inverse frequency of the detector and a specific value for the temporal separation between the two instantaneous interactions--needed in order to be possible to cool the detector--a non-monotonic dependence between speed and extracted work exists raising the intriguing possibility of exploiting relativistic effects for the enhancement of thermodynamic processes in tabletop experiments.