标题： 以最低成本的饮食来教授优化和消费者行为，应用于健康公平、贫困测量和国际发展 显示英文标题

标题： Least-cost diets to teach optimization and consumer behavior, with applications to health equity, poverty measurement and international development

摘要： 最小成本饮食问题引导学生了解优化和线性编程，利用食物选择的健康后果。我们提供一个图形示例、Excel工作簿和Word模板，使用实际数据，包括物品价格、食物成分和营养需求，进行一个简短的练习，让学生先猜测，然后求解最低成本下的营养充足性，再将模拟饮食与实际消费进行比较，实际消费的营养充足程度各不相同。图形示例是一种由玉米、豆类和南瓜组成的“三姐妹”饮食，完整的多维模型与埃塞俄比亚当前的饮食消费进行比较。这个更新的Stigler饮食展示了成本最小化如何与效用最大化相关，并与全球健康饮食可负担性的持续研究和政策辩论相关联。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The least-cost diet problem introduces students to optimization and linear programming, using the health consequences of food choice. We provide a graphical example, Excel workbook and Word template using actual data on item prices, food composition and nutrient requirements for a brief exercise in which students guess at and then solve for nutrient adequacy at lowest cost, before comparing modeled diets to actual consumption which has varying degrees of nutrient adequacy. The graphical example is a 'three sisters' diet of corn, beans and squash, and the full multidimensional model is compared to current food consumption in Ethiopia. This updated Stigler diet shows how cost minimization relates to utility maximization, and links to ongoing research and policy debates about the affordability of healthy diets worldwide.