标题： 引力粒子产生与哈勃张力 显示英文标题

标题： Gravitational particle production and the Hubble tension

摘要： 引力标量粒子的粒子产生对总有效宇宙能量密度的影响（在光子退耦之后到现在的时代）被考虑。 对于重粒子来说，这种影响是显著的。 发现引力粒子产生导致了直接测量的哈勃常数$H_0$的有效增加，而它不影响当前重子数密度计算中使用的哈勃常数值，该值用于计算重组红移。 这可能解释了为什么局部测量和非局部测量（如CMB）确定的哈勃常数不同。 这表明引力粒子产生可能对$H_0$张力有不可忽略的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The effect of gravitational particle production of scalar particles on the total effective cosmic energy density (in the era after photon decoupling till the present) is considered. The effect is significant for heavy particles. It is found that gravitational particle production results in an effective increase in the directly measured value of the Hubble constant $H_0$ while it does not affect the value of the Hubble constant in the calculation of the number density of baryons at present time that is used to calculate recombination redshift. This may explain why the Hubble constant determined by local measurements and non-local measurements (such as CMB) are different. This suggests that gravitational particle production may have a non-negligible impact on the $H_0$ tension.