标题： 恒星风和超新星对星团形成的影响：极端高N/O比值和多重恒星种群的起源 显示英文标题

标题： Impacts of stellar wind and supernovae on the star cluster formation: origins of extremely high N/O ratios and multiple stellar populations

摘要： 我们通过进行三维辐射流体动力学模拟，研究低金属含量云中来自恒星风和超新星的金属富集。 我们发现，从恒星风中喷射出的金属被积累，导致在富含氮气的气体中随后形成恒星。 在这个早期阶段，N/O比率与观测到的富含氮气的星系（${\rm [N/O]}\gtrsim0.5$）相似。 然后，一旦超新星发生，N/O比率显著下降。 如果恒星形成持续时间与超新星的时间尺度相当，富含氮气的恒星质量分数将达到星团质量的一半。 我们认为，考虑到大质量星团形成条件和恒星演化时间尺度，星团的质量需要超过$\sim 10^6~M_{\odot}$才能由于恒星风而具有多代恒星。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study metal enrichment originating from stellar wind and supernovae in low-metallicity clouds by performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations. We find that metals ejected from stellar wind are accumulated, leading to subsequent star formation in the nitrogen-enriched gas. During this early phase, the N/O ratios are similar to observed nitrogen-enriched galaxies (${\rm [N/O]}\gtrsim0.5$). Then, once supernovae occur, the N/O ratios decrease significantly. If the duration of star formation is comparable to the timescale of SNe, the mass fraction of nitrogen-enriched stars reaches half the mass of star clusters. We suggest that the mass of the star cluster needs to exceed $\sim 10^6~M_{\odot}$ to have multiple populations due to stellar wind, considering the condition for massive star cluster formation and the timescales of stellar evolution.