标题： 恒星风和超新星对星团形成的影响：极高的N/O比值和多星族的起源 显示英文标题

标题： Impacts of stellar wind and supernovae on the star cluster formation: origins of extremely high N/O ratios and multiple stellar populations

摘要： 我们通过进行三维辐射流体力学模拟，研究了低金属丰度云中来自恒星风和超新星的金属增丰现象。我们发现，从恒星风中喷出的金属被积聚起来，在氮富集的气体中导致随后的恒星形成。在此早期阶段，N/O 比值与观测到的氮富集星系相似（${\rm [N/O]}\gtrsim0.5$）。然后，一旦超新星爆发发生，N/O 比值会显著下降。如果恒星形成的持续时间与超新星爆发的时间尺度相当，那么氮富集恒星的质量分数将达到星团质量的一半。我们建议，考虑到大质量星团形成的条件和恒星演化的时间尺度，星团的质量需要超过$\sim 10^6~M_{\odot}$才能由于恒星风产生多个恒星群体。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We study metal enrichment originating from stellar wind and supernovae in low-metallicity clouds by performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations. We find that metals ejected from stellar wind are accumulated, leading to subsequent star formation in the nitrogen-enriched gas. During this early phase, the N/O ratios are similar to observed nitrogen-enriched galaxies (${\rm [N/O]}\gtrsim0.5$). Then, once supernovae occur, the N/O ratios decrease significantly. If the duration of star formation is comparable to the timescale of SNe, the mass fraction of nitrogen-enriched stars reaches half the mass of star clusters. We suggest that the mass of the star cluster needs to exceed $\sim 10^6~M_{\odot}$ to have multiple populations due to stellar wind, considering the condition for massive star cluster formation and the timescales of stellar evolution.