标题： GMT首次光的高对比度成像：GMagAO-X的波前传感与控制架构 显示英文标题

标题： High-contrast imaging at first-light of the GMT: the wavefront sensing and control architecture of GMagAO-X

摘要： 巨麦格纳自适应光学极端（GMagAO-X）仪器是巨麦格纳望远镜（GMT）的第一台高对比度成像仪器。GMagAO-X的宽波长范围和GMT的大25米孔径带来了新的挑战：控制所有21,000个促动器；将GMT的分段主镜对齐到纳米级别；主动控制大气色散，使残差小于毫角秒；没有色散瞳孔剪切以最小化色散补偿误差；集成焦点平面波前传感和控制（WFSC）。GMagAO-X将具有同时可见光和红外WFS通道来控制21,000个促动器的DM。红外臂通过包含可切换传感器（如金字塔或Zernike WFS）具有灵活性。我们为GMagAO-X开发的一项创新是全息分散条纹传感器，用于测量微小位移。我们还开发了几种集成的日冕波前传感器，以在我们需要检测的位置精确控制非共路像差。我们将讨论针对ELTs上第一个高对比度成像系统提出的WFSC策略的关键组件。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Giant Magellan Adaptive Optics eXtreme (GMagAO-X) instrument is a first-light high-contrast imaging instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). GMagAO-X's broad wavelength range and the large 25-meter aperture of the GMT creates new challenges: control of all 21.000 actuators; phasing GMT's segmented primary mirror to nm levels; active control of atmospheric dispersion to sub milli-arcsecond residuals; no chromatic pupil shear to minimize chromatic compensation errors; integrated focal plane wavefront sensing and control (WFSC). GMagAO-X will have simultaneous visible and infra-red WFS channels to control the 21.000 actuator DM. The infra-red arm will be flexible by incorporating switchable sensors such as the pyramid or Zernike WFS. One innovation that we developed for GMagAO-X is the Holographic Dispersed Fringe Sensor that measures differential piston. We have also developed several integrated coronagraphic wavefront sensors to control non-common path aberrations exactly where we need to sense them. We will discuss the key components of the WFSC strategies for GMagAO-X that address the challenges posed by the first high-contrast imaging system on the ELTs.