标题： 多体局域化系统中的量子 Mpemba 效应 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum Mpemba effects in many-body localization systems

摘要： 量子多体系统的非平衡动力学由于在平衡物理中不存在的各种迷人现象而引起了越来越多的关注。 一个著名的例子是量子Mpemba效应，其中在从更不对称的初始状态进行对称淬火时，子系统对称性恢复得更快。 量子Mpemba效应已经在可积系统和混沌系统中得到了广泛研究。 在本文中，我们研究了具有各种初始状态的多体局域化系统中的对称性恢复和量子Mpemba效应。 我们发现，在不接近热平衡的情况下，多体局域化相中的对称性仍然可以完全恢复。 此外，我们证明了量子Mpemba效应的存在对于任何初始倾斜产品态都是普遍的，这与混沌系统中的情况形成对比，在混沌系统中，量子Mpemba效应的存在依赖于初始状态的选择。 我们还借助多体局域化的有效模型，对对称性恢复和量子Mpemba效应进行了理论分析。 本文不仅有助于将量子Mpemba效应扩展到更多的非平衡设置，而且有助于更深入地理解多体局域化。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems have attracted growing attention due to various intriguing phenomena absent in equilibrium physics. One famous example is the quantum Mpemba effect, where the subsystem symmetry is restored faster under a symmetric quench from a more asymmetric initial state. The quantum Mpemba effect has been extensively studied in integrable and chaotic systems. In this Letter, we investigate symmetry restoration and quantum Mpemba effect in many-body localized systems with various initial states. We reveal that the symmetry can still be fully restored in many-body localization phases without approaching thermal equilibrium. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of the quantum Mpemba effect is universal for any initial tilted product state, contrasting to the cases in the chaotic systems where the presence of the quantum Mpemba effect relies on the choice of initial states. We also provide a theoretical analysis of symmetry restoration and quantum Mpemba effects with the help of the effective model for many-body localization. This Letter not only sheds light on extending the quantum Mpemba effect to more non-equilibrium settings but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the many-body localization.