标题： 带有噪声的概率误差补偿和广义物理可实现性 显示英文标题

标题： Noisy Probabilistic Error Cancellation and Generalized Physical Implementability

摘要： 退相干严重限制了量子处理器的性能，对可靠的量子计算构成了挑战。 概率误差抵消是一种量子误差缓解方法，通过准概率模拟（非物理的）逆噪声操作来抵消噪声。 然而，现有的物理可实现性表述，用于量化使用物理信道模拟非物理操作的最小成本，并未完全考虑实验约束，因为噪声也会影响抵消过程，而且并非所有物理信道都是实验上可访问的。 在此，我们推广了物理可实现性，以涵盖任意凸集的实验可用量子态和操作。 在这一推广框架内，我们展示了使用噪声保罗操作的无噪声误差抵消，并分析了噪声抵消的偏差。 此外，我们建立了推广的物理可实现性与量子信息度量之间的联系，例如钻石范数、对数否定性和纯度。 这些发现增强了概率误差抵消的实际适用性，并为鲁棒的量子信息处理和量子计算开辟了新的途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Decoherence severely limits the performance of quantum processors, posing challenges to reliable quantum computation. Probabilistic error cancellation, a quantum error mitigation method, counteracts noise by quasiprobabilistically simulating (non-physical) inverse noise operations. However, existing formulations of physical implementability, quantifying the minimal cost of simulating non-physical operations using physical channels, do not fully account for the experimental constraints, since noise also affects the cancellation process and not all physical channels are experimentally accessible. Here, we generalize the physical implementability to encompass arbitrary convex sets of experimentally available quantum states and operations. Within this generalized framework, we demonstrate noiseless error cancellation with noisy Pauli operations and analyze the bias of noisy cancellation. Furthermore, we establish connections between generalized physical implementability and quantum information measures, e.g., diamond norm, logarithmic negativity, and purity. These findings enhance the practical applicability of probabilistic error cancellation and open new avenues for robust quantum information processing and quantum computing.