标题： Bell 参数的单配对测量后果 显示英文标题

标题： Consequences of the single-pair measurement of the Bell parameter

摘要： 贝尔不等式对于当代物理学来说是一个里程碑，无论是在量子基础研究还是技术应用（例如量子通信和纠缠认证）方面都具有重要意义。尽管最近已经进行了无漏洞的测试，但关于贝尔不等式测试的实际意义仍然存在激烈的争论。例如，贝尔定理中可能需要包含的额外假设（以及潜在的漏洞），以及这些测试对量子力学某些解释的影响。近期的一项工作 [S. Virzì 等人，Quantum Science and Technology 9, 045027 (2024)] 对这一争论中的某些陈述提出了挑战，并首次通过基于弱相互作用的测量方法，从单一纠缠态对实现了整个贝尔-CHSH参数的实验估计。 本文分析了这一结果对量子力学基础研究的意义，阐明了它如何应对上述贝尔不等式测试的一些解释，更广泛地说，也探讨了它对量子力学本身的影响。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Bell inequalities represent a milestone for contemporary Physics, both for quantum foundations investigation and technological applications (e.g., quantum communication and entanglement certification). Although loophole-free tests have been recently performed, a strong debate is still ongoing on the actual meaning of Bell inequality tests, for example on the possible additional hypotheses (end eventual loopholes) to be included in Bell's theorem, as well as on the implications for certain interpretations of quantum mechanics. A recent work [S. Virz\`i et al., Quantum Sci. Technol. 9, 045027 (2024)] challenges some of the statements appeared in this debate, achieving for the first time an experimental estimation of the entire Bell-CHSH parameter from a single entangled pair thanks to a weak-interaction-based measurement approach. Here we analyse the implications of this result for quantum mechanics foundations investigation, illustrating how it can tackle some of the aforementioned interpretations of Bell inequality tests and, more in general, of quantum mechanics itself.