标题： 活性流体沉积轨迹的排序、自发流动和老化 显示英文标题

标题： Ordering, spontaneous flows and aging in active fluids depositing tracks

摘要： 越来越多的实验证据表明，细胞单层可以对其环境产生长期的扰动，类似于脚印，这些扰动反过来影响系统的全局动力学。 受这些观察的启发，我们提出一个全面的理论框架来描述主动场与非对流的脚印场之间动态相互作用的系统，该脚印场由主动场沉积。 我们推导了极性和向列场相应的普遍流体力学。 我们的研究结果表明，与脚印场的动态耦合会导致经典主动流体力学中不存在的显著效应，例如对称性依赖的各向同性-有序转变的修改，这可能表现为二级或一级相变，自发流动转变的改变，可能导致振荡流动和旋转场，以及依赖初始条件的老化动力学，其特征是长期的瞬态状态。 我们的结果表明，脚印沉积可能是决定细胞系统或更一般的对环境产生长期扰动的主动系统动力学相的关键机制。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Growing experimental evidence shows that cell monolayers can induce long-lived perturbations to their environment, akin to footprints, which in turn influence the global dynamics of the system. Inspired by these observations, we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework to describe systems where an active field dynamically interacts with a non-advected footprint field, deposited by the active field. We derive the corresponding general hydrodynamics for both polar and nematic fields. Our findings reveal that the dynamic coupling to a footprint field induces remarkable effects absent in classical active hydrodynamics, such as symmetry-dependent modifications to the isotropic-ordered transition, which may manifest as either second-order or first-order, alterations in spontaneous flow transitions, potentially resulting in oscillating flows and rotating fields, and initial condition-dependent aging dynamics characterized by long-lived transient states. Our results suggest that footprint deposition could be a key mechanism determining the dynamical phases of cellular systems, or more generally active systems inducing long-lived perturbations to their environment.