标题： 开放量子电池在BTZ时空中的耗散动力学 显示英文标题

标题： Dissipative dynamics of an open quantum battery in the BTZ spacetime

摘要： 我们考虑如何在BTZ时空中的量子场满足狄利克雷、透明和纽曼边界条件的情况下，真空涨落的存在对作为两能级系统建模的量子电池的充电性能的影响。 量子电池受到外部静态驱动的作用，该驱动作为充电器。 同时，假设量子场与量子电池的纵向和横向自旋分量耦合，包括退相干和纯相位退相干机制。 通过将先前在相对论框架下的开放量子系统方法扩展到包含驱动和多种耦合的更一般情形，推导出量子电池的充放电动力学。 给出了存储能量随时间演化的解析表达式。 我们发现，当驱动幅度强于/弱于量子电池的能级间距时，纯相位退相干耗散耦合比退相干耗散耦合情况下的充电性能更好/更差。 我们还发现，在某些条件下，较高的霍金温度相比闭合量子电池的情况有助于提高充电性能，这表明通过充电协议中的耗散从弯曲时空的真空涨落中提取能量是可行的。 量子场的不同边界条件可能导致不同的充电性能。 此外，我们还通过监测充电协议关闭后的能量行为来研究充电稳定性。 我们的研究提出了一种通用框架来研究弯曲时空中的弛豫效应，并揭示了时空性质和场边界条件如何影响充电过程，这反过来可能为通过充电协议探索时空性质和热力学提供启示。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We consider how charging performances of a quantum battery, modeled as a two-level system, are influenced by the presence of vacuum fluctuations of a quantum field satisfying the Dirichlet, transparent, and Neumann boundary conditions in the BTZ spacetime. The quantum battery is subjected to an external static driving which works as a charger. Meanwhile, the quantum field is assumed to be coupled to both longitudinal and transverse spin components of the quantum battery including decoherence and pure dephasing mechanisms. Charging and discharging dynamics of the quantum battery are derived by extending the previous open quantum system approach in the relativistic framework to this more general scenario including both the driving and multiple coupling. Analytic expressions for the time evolution of the energy stored are presented. We find that when the driving amplitude is stronger/weaker than the energy-level spacing of the quantum battery the pure dephasing dissipative coupling results in better/worse charging performances than the decoherence dissipative coupling case. We also find that higher Hawking temperature helps to improve the charging performance under certain conditions compared with the closed quantum buttery case, implying the feasibility of energy extraction from vacuum fluctuations in curved spacetime via dissipation in charging protocol. Different boundary conditions for quantum field may lead to different charging performance. Furthermore, we also address the charging stability by monitoring the energy behaviour after the charging protocol has been switched off. Our study presents a general framework to investigate relaxation effects in curved spacetime, and reveals how spacetime properties and field boundary condition affect the charging process, which in turn may shed light on the exploration of the spacetime properties and thermodynamics via the charging protocol.