标题： 本地星际谱和宇宙射线质子和氦的太阳调制 显示英文标题

标题： Local interstellar spectra and solar modulation of cosmic ray proton and Helium

摘要： 银河宇宙射线（GCR）在穿过日球层时会受到太阳调制。 本地星际谱（LIS）向大气顶层谱（TOA）的传递受到太阳风对流、日球磁场（HMF）上的扩散等因素的影响。 在本工作中，我们使用非参数化方法推导了质子（p）和氦（He）的本地星际谱，覆盖能量范围从几 MeV/n 到 TeV/n。 该研究利用 AMS-02 月度质子和氦通量及其比值数据，来研究从 2011 年 5 月至 2017 年 5 月期间太阳调制的演变。 为了提高拟合效果，通过为高（$\phi_h$）和低（$\phi_l$）能区分配不同的太阳调制势来修改力场近似。 采用 S 型函数来描述这些能区之间的过渡。 分析表明，质子和氦通量的断点出现在相同的刚度值，平均约为 6 GV，且在日球磁场反转期间更为明显。 $\phi_l$接近先进成分探测器（ACE）的结果，而$\phi_h$接近中子监测器（NM）数据的结果。 此外，当考虑不同的 Z/A 值以及质子和氦的本地星际谱时，p/He 比值的长期行为自然地从模型中出现。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The galactic cosmic rays (GCR) suffer from solar modulation when they propagate through the heliosphere. The transfer of the local interstellar spectrum (LIS) to the top-of-atmosphere spectra (TOA) is influenced by solar wind convection, diffusion on the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF), among other factors. In this work, we derive the LIS of proton (p) and helium (He) covering energies from a few MeV/n to TeV/n, using a non-parameterization method. The study utilizes monthly AMS-02 data on proton and helium fluxes and their ratio to examine the evolution of solar modulation from May 2011 to May 2017. To improve the fitting, the force-field approximation is modified by assigning different solar modulation potentials for high ( $\phi_h$ ) and low ($\phi_l$ ) energy ranges. A sigmoid function is employed to describe the transition between these energy ranges. The analysis reveals that the break in proton and helium fluxes occurs at the same rigidity value, with a mean of approximately 6 GV and this break is more pronounced during the heliospheric magnetic field reversal period. The $\phi_l$ is close to the result of Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) while the $\phi_h$ is close to the result of neutron monitor (NM) data. Furthermore, the long-term behavior of the p/He ratio is found to naturally arise from the model when considering different Z/A values and the LISs for proton and helium.