标题： 擦除由于量子寿命展宽带来的额外成本 显示英文标题

标题： Extra cost of erasure due to quantum lifetime broadening

摘要： 信息擦除的能量成本由Landauer根据其环境温度基本限定为：$W\geq k_\mathrm{B} T \ln 2$。 然而，在实际电子器件中，信息承载系统通常与两个或多个电极接触，这些电极具有不同的温度和化学势。 在这样的非平衡情况下，擦除的成本由什么决定尚不清楚。 测试信息处理热力学极限的一种有前景的技术是量子点，其中一位信息编码在单个电子的存在或不存在上。 我们在这里开发了此类设备的热力学描述，并发现除了电极温度外，量子点上的电位差及其能级的寿命展宽也对擦除的最小功耗有所贡献。 在实际情况下，这些贡献可能显著超过仅由温度引起的成本。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The energy cost of erasing a bit of information was fundamentally lower bounded by Landauer, in terms of the temperature of its environment: $W\geq k_\mathrm{B} T \ln 2$. However, in real electronic devices, the information-bearing system is usually in contact with two or more electrodes, with different temperatures and chemical potentials. It is not clear what sets the cost of erasure in such nonequilibrium situations. One promising technology for testing the thermodynamic limits of information processing is quantum dots, in which a bit is encoded in the presence or absence of a single electron. We here develop a thermodynamic description of devices of this type and find that, in addition to the electrode temperatures, the potential difference across the quantum dot and lifetime broadening of its energy level contribute to the minimum work cost of erasure. In practical contexts, these contributions may significantly outweigh the cost due to temperature alone.