标题： 相互作用的夸克物质和$f(Q)$引力：探索夸克星性质的新范式 显示英文标题

标题： Interacting quark matter and $f(Q)$ gravity: A new paradigm in exploring the properties of quark stars

摘要： 微扰量子色动力学修正和颜色超导性表明，在极端条件下，强相互作用物质可以表现出独特的物理行为。 受这一观点的启发，我们研究了由相互作用夸克物质组成的中子星内部结构和性质，这为在$f(Q)$引力框架内探索强相互作用效应提供了一条全面的途径。 统一的状态方程被制定出来以描述各种夸克物质相，包括上-下夸克物质$(2SC)$、奇异夸克物质$(2SC+s)$和颜色-味锁定$(CFL)$相。 通过采用系统的重新参数化和缩放，状态方程中的自由度数量显著减少。 利用 Buchdahl-I 度规假设和线性$f(Q)$函数形式，$f(Q)=\alpha_{0}+\alpha_{1}Q$，我们推导了在统一相互作用夸克物质状态方程存在下的爱因斯坦场方程的精确解。 对于$2SC$相，我们研究了由上-下夸克物质组成的中子星的性质。 对于$(2SC+s)$和$CFL$相，我们考虑了有限奇夸克质量$(m_{s}\neq0)$的影响。 Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff 方程被数值求解以确定每种相的最大质量-半径关系。 我们的结果表明，该模型满足关键的物理标准，包括因果性、能量条件和稳定性要求，确保了这些构型的可行性。 此外，某些致密星候选体的预测半径与观测数据吻合良好。 这项研究强调，在$f(Q)$引力框架内由相互作用的夸克物质组成的夸克星提供了一个在所有考虑相中都稳健且物理一致的恒星模型。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics corrections and the colour superconductivity indicate that strongly interacting matter can manifest unique physical behaviours under extreme conditions. Motivated by this notion, we investigate the interior structure and properties of quark stars composed of interacting quark matter, which provides a comprehensive avenue to explore the strong interaction effects, within the framework of $f(Q)$ gravity. A unified equation of state is formulated to describe various phases of quark matter, including up-down quark matter $(2SC)$, strange quark matter $(2SC+s)$, and the Colour-Flavor Locked $(CFL)$ phase. By employing a systematic reparametrisation and rescaling, the number of degrees of freedom in the equation of state is significantly reduced. Utilising the Buchdahl-I metric ansatz and a linear $f(Q)$ functional form, $f(Q)=\alpha_{0}+\alpha_{1}Q$, we derive the exact solutions of the Einstein field equations in presence of the unified interacting quark matter equation of state. For the $2SC$ phase, we examine the properties of quark stars composed of up-down quark matter. For the $(2SC+s)$and $CFL$ phases, we incorporate the effects of a finite strange quark mass $(m_{s}\neq0)$. The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations are numerically solved to determine the maximum mass-radius relations for each phase. Our results indicate that the model satisfies key physical criteria, including causality, energy conditions, and stability requirements, ensuring the viability of the configurations. Furthermore, the predicted radii for certain compact star candidates align well with observational data. The study highlights that quark stars composed of interacting quark matter within the $f(Q)$ gravity framework provide a robust and physically consistent stellar model across all considered phases.