标题： 敏感地搜索原子系综中的微波暗光子 显示英文标题

标题： Sensitively searching for microwave dark photons with atomic ensembles

摘要： 暗光子是轻暗物质的有前途的候选者，可以通过与标准模型粒子的相互作用通过动能混合来检测。 在这里，我们提出了一种可行的方法，通过非破坏性地探测原子集合中由混合引起的量子态跃迁来检测暗光子。 与通过探测单原子探测器的混合引起的量子激发的方案相比，对于包含$N$个原子的集合，理论上可将可达到的检测灵敏度提高$\sqrt{N}$倍。 具体而言，我们表明，无论是厘米波还是毫米波波段的暗光子，都可以通过液氦表面态电子生成的人工原子集合探测器进行检测。 估计，以$10^{-4}$的可检测转换概率，实验表面态电子（带有$N = 10^8$个被捕获电子）可能提供一种可行的方法，在大约两个月内搜索$18.61-26.88$ $\mu$ eV 和$496.28-827.13$ $\mu$ eV 范围内的暗光子。 置信度水平可以超过95%，对于可实现的灵敏度分别为$10^{-14} \sim 10^{-13}$和$10^{-12} \sim 10^{-11}$。 原则上，该方案也可以推广到其他原子系综探测器，用于不同频段暗光子的探测。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Dark photon is one of the promising candidates of light dark matter and could be detected by using its interaction with standard model particles via kinetic mixings. Here, we propose a feasible approach to detect the dark photons by nondestructively probing these mixing-induced quantum state transitions of atomic ensembles. Compared with the scheme by probing the mixing-induced quantum excitation of single-atom detector, the achievable detection sensitivity can be enhanced theoretically by a factor of $\sqrt{N}$ for the ensemble containing $N$ atoms. Specifically, we show that the dark photons, in both centimeter- and millimeter-wave bands, could be detected by using the artificial atomic ensemble detector, generated by surface-state electrons on liquid Helium. It is estimated that, with the detectable transition probability of $10^{-4}$, the experimental surface-state electrons (with $N = 10^8$ trapped electrons) might provide a feasible approach to search for the dark photons in $18.61-26.88$ $\mu$eV and $496.28-827.13$ $\mu$eV ranges, within about two months. The confidence level can exceed 95\% for the achievable sensitivities being $10^{-14} \sim 10^{-13}$ and $10^{-12} \sim 10^{-11}$, respectively. In principle, the proposal could also be generalized to the other atomic ensemble detectors for the detection of dark photons in different frequency bands.