标题： 扩展的外尔对称性 显示英文标题

标题： Extended Weyl Symmetry

摘要： 赫尔曼·外尔提出的阿贝尔规范对称性被推广到更一般的形式。随后，标准模型被推广以包含新定义的对称性。这种对称性扩展引入了新的规范粒子，这些粒子可以成为暗物质的潜在候选者。它还自然地将第二个纯量场引入理论中。外尔对称性的破缺使这个纯量场变成一个维度常数，从而使希格斯玻色子成为标准模型中唯一的纯量成分。除了预期的好处之外，还有三个意外的红利：(1) 它带来了对宇称破坏的一些新理解；(2) 它为希格斯机制中的符号问题提供了解答；(3) 它对中微子的本质提供了新的视角：扩展的外尔对称性要求存在\textit{必须是}右手中微子；此外，中微子质量的小值由扩展的外尔对称性保护。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Abelian gauge symmetry proposed by Hermann Weyl is extended to a more general form. Afterwards the standard model is generalized to incorporate the newly defined symmetry. This symmetry extension brings new gauge particles that can be potential candidates for the dark matter. It also naturally introduces a second scalar field into the theory. The breaking of the Weyl symmetry turns this scalar field into a dimensional constant, making the Higgs as the only scalar component in the standard model. In addition to the expected benefits, there are three unexpected bonuses: (1) it brings some new understanding of the parity violation; (2) it provides an answer to the sign problem in the Higgs mechanism; (3) it gives some new perspectives on the nature of the neutrino: the extended Weyl symmetry demands that there \textit{must be} right-handed neutrino; furthermore, the smallness of the neutrino mass is protected by the extended Weyl symmetry.