标题： 受大气化学制约的干燥金星内部 显示英文标题

标题： A dry Venusian interior constrained by atmospheric chemistry

摘要： 金星的气候历史为液态水宜居带内缘的位置提供了强有力的约束。 然而，关于金星上的水历史存在两种截然不同的假设：一种认为金星数十亿年来气候温和，表面有液态水；另一种则认为早期炎热的金星从未能凝结出表面的液态水。 在这里，我们通过推断金星内部的水分含量，提出了对金星气候历史的一种新约束。 通过计算当前大气中 H$_2$O、CO$_2$和 OCS 的破坏速率（这些物质必须通过火山作用来维持大气稳定性），我们表明金星内部是干燥的。 金星火山气体中的水分占比最多仅为 6%，远比在类似条件下释放的地球岩浆干燥得多。 这种干燥的内部与金星在其岩浆海洋阶段结束时已经脱水，并随后长期保持干燥的地表是一致的。 因此，金星大气的火山补给表明，该行星从未具备过“液态水”宜居条件。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Venus's climatic history provides powerful constraint on the location of the inner-edge of the liquid-water habitable zone. However, two very different histories of water on Venus have been proposed: one where Venus had a temperate climate for billions of years, with surface liquid water, and the other where a hot early Venus was never able to condense surface liquid water. Here we offer a novel constraint on Venus's climate history by inferring the water content of its interior. By calculating the present rate of atmospheric destruction of H$_2$O, CO$_2$ and OCS, which must be restored by volcanism to maintain atmospheric stability, we show Venus's interior is dry. Venusian volcanic gases have at most a 6% water mole fraction, substantially drier than terrestrial magmas degassed at similar conditions. The dry interior is consistent with Venus ending its magma ocean epoch desiccated and thereafter having had a long-lived dry surface. Volcanic resupply to Venus's atmosphere therefore indicates that the planet has never been `liquid-water' habitable.